Stem and Leaf Plot

Stem and Leaf Plot- a graph used to organize and display data so that frequency can be compared. 

http://blog.wolfire.com/2009/02/design-principles-from-tufte/

A stem and leaf plot organizes data with the largest place value in the "stem" position and the smaller place values in the "leaf" position. It is useful for comparing a set of data to see frequencies and outliers. This graph shows the heights of 218 volcanoes, with the unit being 100 feet. The majority of the volcanoes mapped are between 2,000 and 8,000 feet high, and the fewest mapped are around 14,000 feet and 18,000 feet high. 

Isohyet

Isohyet- a line on a map connecting points with the same amount of rainfall in the same period. 

http://www.forest.sabah.gov.my/caims/Climatic%20information/Stations/Maps/Isohyet/isohyet_map.htm

This map shows the rainfall in the Sabah forest, a forest reserve in Malaysia. The darkest areas have the highest rainfall, and the lightest areas have the lowest. The boundaries of each color are formed by isohyets, a type of isoline. 

Doppler Radar

Doppler Radar- a radar tracking system that uses the Doppler effect to determine the location and velocity of a storm, clouds, precipitation, etc.

http://www.deadlystorms.com/storms/2004/2004%20charley/videos.htm

Doppler radar uses the apparent shift in the frequency of radio waves to perceive air motion. It can sense precipitation, clouds, and other movements of the air. Doppler radar is most commonly used to track precipitation in weather forecasts, and to predict the movements of precipitation in the air. This map shows the Doppler radar of hurricane Charley as it made landfall on Florida. The key at the top of the map shows the intensity of the precipitation, in this case rain, with red being the highest (in this map) and green being the lowest. This map is only showing precipitation, not clouds. 

Climograph

Climograph- a graphical representation of the average monthly precipitation and temperature at a given location. 

http://www.drought.unl.edu/whatis/climographs.htm

A climograph is an easy way to get a feel for the weather in a location. It does not show specifics, but rather monthly temperatures and precipitation. The precipitation is graphed with bars, and the temperature is represented with a line graph. Reading one y-axis gives the amount of precipitation, and reading the other gives the temperature. This graph is for Honolulu, Hawaii, and shows the coordinate location, elevation, and total annual precipitation and average annual temperature at the bottom. 

Dot Distribution Map

Dot Distribution Map- represent density using dots- each dot on the map represents a given object(s). 

http://serc.carleton.edu/eslabs/corals/4a.html

A dot distribution map represents density and location of a phenomenon. This map shows coral reefs- each dot is the location of a reef. From this map it is easy to see that all coral reefs occur within the tropic zones. On other maps, each dot could represent a household, 100 people, or a specific kind of business- there are endless options that could be mapped. They are useful to show density and the exact location of the phenomenon, which might be more generalized in a choropleth map. 

Propaganda Map

Propaganda Map- a map that shows biased or misleading information as a means of promoting or publicizing a particular political cause or point of view.

http://civilianmilitaryintelligencegroup.com/?p=5882

A propaganda map is used, like any other type of propaganda, to sway public opinion with misleading, biased, or falsifies information. Propaganda maps seem to be especially popular during wartime periods as a means of inspiring patriotism, anger, and fear. This map is a Japanese map from the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. The Japanese are shown as anguished victims, and Russia is shown as an octopus reaching its tentacles across all of Europe and Asia. The aim of this map would have been to remind the Japanese of their positions as victims and encourage them to fight back. 

Cartogram

Cartogram- a type of thematic map in which the areas of spatial features are distorted in proportion to the value of an attribute. 

http://personalpages.manchester.ac.uk/staff/m.dodge/cybergeography/atlas/census.html

Cartograms show land area in proportion to the attribute being mapped, so they are distorted to make a point. This is a cartogram of projected internet use by 2015, with each country represented by its flag. Each country is still in its relative location to the countries around it, but the size has been changed to reflect the relative number of internet users, not just the population. For example, Canada has a large land area, but on this map it is a small piece just perched on top of the US, because the amount of internet users in Canada is much smaller than the amount in the US. Cartograms can cause confusion, though- for example there are not fewer internet users in Canada because it is less developed than the US but because it has a smaller total population.